J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2013;145:e43-E44

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2013;145:e43-e44
Filed under: dual diagnosis unit

The patient had a history of emphysema before and after bulla and right apex pulmonary resection, pulmonary cachexia, past nicotine abuse, and a diagnosis of Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease grade IV COPD (forced expiratory volume …
{Source}